TY - JOUR
T1 - Association between gout and the development of Parkinson’s disease
T2 - a systematic review and meta-analysis
AU - Fazlollahi, Asra
AU - Zahmatyar, Mahdi
AU - Alizadeh, Hossein
AU - Noori, Maryam
AU - Jafari, Nasrin
AU - Nejadghaderi, Seyed Aria
AU - Sullman, Mark J.M.
AU - Gharagozli, Koroush
AU - Kolahi, Ali Asghar
AU - Safiri, Saeid
N1 - Funding Information:
The present study was supported by the Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (Grant No. 69481).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).
PY - 2022/12
Y1 - 2022/12
N2 - Background: As a natural antioxidant, uric acid plays a protective role against neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson’s disease (PD). Therefore, the risk of PD has been found to be lower in people with hyperuricemia. In this article, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate whether gout affects the future risk of developing PD. Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, the Web of Science, and Google Scholar to find relevant studies, up to March 16, 2022. Studies investigating the risk of PD, following a gout diagnosis, were included if they were cross-sectional, case–control or cohort studies. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) checklist was used to assess the quality of all included studies. The meta-analysis was performed using STATA 17.0. Results: Ten studies were included, which were comprised of three case-controls, six cohort studies and one nested case–control study. We found no significant association between gout and the risk of PD among both sexes (RR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.86–1.04), although the association was significant for females (RR = 1.09; 95% CI: 1.02–1.17). Subgroup analysis also showed no significant findings by age group, whether they were receiving treatment for gout, study design, quality assessment score, and method of gout ascertainment. In contrast, the studies that defined PD according to the use of drugs showed significant results (RR = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.76–0.89). There was a significant publication bias on the association between gout and PD. Conclusions: The presence of gout had no significant effect on the risk of subsequently developing PD. Further analyses are recommended to investigate the effects of demographic and behavioral risk factors.
AB - Background: As a natural antioxidant, uric acid plays a protective role against neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson’s disease (PD). Therefore, the risk of PD has been found to be lower in people with hyperuricemia. In this article, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate whether gout affects the future risk of developing PD. Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, the Web of Science, and Google Scholar to find relevant studies, up to March 16, 2022. Studies investigating the risk of PD, following a gout diagnosis, were included if they were cross-sectional, case–control or cohort studies. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) checklist was used to assess the quality of all included studies. The meta-analysis was performed using STATA 17.0. Results: Ten studies were included, which were comprised of three case-controls, six cohort studies and one nested case–control study. We found no significant association between gout and the risk of PD among both sexes (RR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.86–1.04), although the association was significant for females (RR = 1.09; 95% CI: 1.02–1.17). Subgroup analysis also showed no significant findings by age group, whether they were receiving treatment for gout, study design, quality assessment score, and method of gout ascertainment. In contrast, the studies that defined PD according to the use of drugs showed significant results (RR = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.76–0.89). There was a significant publication bias on the association between gout and PD. Conclusions: The presence of gout had no significant effect on the risk of subsequently developing PD. Further analyses are recommended to investigate the effects of demographic and behavioral risk factors.
KW - Gout
KW - Hyperuricemia
KW - Meta-analysis
KW - Parkinson's disease
KW - Systematic review
KW - Uric acid
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85139678644&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1186/s12883-022-02874-0
DO - 10.1186/s12883-022-02874-0
M3 - Article
C2 - 36221048
AN - SCOPUS:85139678644
SN - 1471-2377
VL - 22
JO - BMC Neurology
JF - BMC Neurology
IS - 1
M1 - 383
ER -