Catamenial Pneumothorax

Summary: Catamenial or menses related pneumothorax is a rare clinical manifestation of pulmonary endometriosis. We document a case where the clinical history was the key to diagnosis, and evidence of endometriosis elsewhere was scanty. Prolonged medical therapy was not preferred in our patient in view of her age and parity. Surgical pleural ablation was carried out to prevent further episodes of life threatening pneumothoraces. The investigations that may be useful in such a patient are discussed and the clinical profile of our patient is compared with those of the few cases reported in the literature.