Description of the Characteristics of Sleeve Gastrectomy Patients and the Effect of Bowel Movement on Quality of Life After Sleeve Gastrectomy

Background: Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is a widely performed bariatric procedure that helps with weight loss and ultimately improves quality of life. However, gastrointestinal disturbances after the procedure are a major challenge. Objectives: This study aims to determine the correlation between bowel movements and quality of life in patients after SG. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, monocentric study was conducted. Participants were interviewed and completed a questionnaire that included sociodemographic factors, medical information, a Bristol Stool Chart, an International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IFAQ), and a 12-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12). The data was analyzed by SPSS, IBM version 22. Results: Our study included 120 participants, of whom 59.2% were females, 32.5% had university-level education, and 87.3% lived in urban areas. Hypertension was the most reported comorbidity and 9.2% consumed laxatives. About half of the participants did not perform abdominal surgery other than SG and did not follow up with a dietitian. Constipation was reported among 28.3%. Normal stool consistency was associated with a higher monthly income, laxative consumption, and an active lifestyle. Constipation was significantly associated with worse physical health (p < 0.05) but did not considerably impact mental health. Increased physical activity was associated with normal stool consistency and improved quality of life, p < 0.05. Body mass index (BMI) was not significantly associated with bowel movements and quality of life. Conclusion: Constipation is a prevalent side effect following SG that impacts the patient’s quality of life. Physical activity influences bowel movements and quality of life, while BMI does not affect them. Dietary and physical activity programs should be tailored to optimize weight loss and maintain normal bowel movements and overall quality of life.