TY - JOUR
T1 - Electroencephalographic findings post-COVID-19 vaccination
T2 - A systematic review of case reports and case series
AU - Fazlollahi, Asra
AU - Zahmatyar, Mahdi
AU - Shamekh, Ali
AU - Motamedi, Alireza
AU - Seyedi, Fatemeh
AU - Seyedmirzaei, Homa
AU - Mousavi, Seyed Ehsan
AU - Nejadghaderi, Seyed Aria
AU - Sullman, Mark J.M.
AU - Kolahi, Ali Asghar
AU - Arshi, Shahnam
AU - Safiri, Saeid
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - A number of different neurological complications have been reported following vaccination against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Electroencephalogram (EEG) is one of the modalities used to evaluate the neurological complications of diseases. The aim of the present study was to identify the EEG changes in participants vaccinated against COVID-19. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, medRxiv, and Google Scholar were searched up to 1 September 2022, with terms related to COVID-19 vaccines, EEG, neurological signs/symptoms, or neurological disorders. All case reports and case series were included if the participants had received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine and a post vaccination EEG report was also reported. We used the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for case reports and case series to appraise the methodological quality of the included studies. Thirty-one studies were included, which were comprised of 24 case reports and seven case series and a total of 36 participants. Generalised slowing and non-convulsive focal status epilepticus were the most common EEG findings post-COVID-19 vaccination. The most frequent symptoms were headache, fatigue, generalised weakness, and vomiting. In addition, the most common signs were encephalopathy, post-ictal phases, and confusion. Encephalitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and post-vaccinal encephalopathy were the most commonly diagnosed adverse events. Furthermore, most of the imaging studies appeared normal. The EEG reports mainly showed background slowing and epileptiform discharges, encephalitis, encephalopathies, and demyelinating disorders. Future studies with larger samples and more vaccine types may help to further unravel the potential neurological effects of COVID-19 vaccinations on recipients.
AB - A number of different neurological complications have been reported following vaccination against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Electroencephalogram (EEG) is one of the modalities used to evaluate the neurological complications of diseases. The aim of the present study was to identify the EEG changes in participants vaccinated against COVID-19. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, medRxiv, and Google Scholar were searched up to 1 September 2022, with terms related to COVID-19 vaccines, EEG, neurological signs/symptoms, or neurological disorders. All case reports and case series were included if the participants had received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine and a post vaccination EEG report was also reported. We used the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for case reports and case series to appraise the methodological quality of the included studies. Thirty-one studies were included, which were comprised of 24 case reports and seven case series and a total of 36 participants. Generalised slowing and non-convulsive focal status epilepticus were the most common EEG findings post-COVID-19 vaccination. The most frequent symptoms were headache, fatigue, generalised weakness, and vomiting. In addition, the most common signs were encephalopathy, post-ictal phases, and confusion. Encephalitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and post-vaccinal encephalopathy were the most commonly diagnosed adverse events. Furthermore, most of the imaging studies appeared normal. The EEG reports mainly showed background slowing and epileptiform discharges, encephalitis, encephalopathies, and demyelinating disorders. Future studies with larger samples and more vaccine types may help to further unravel the potential neurological effects of COVID-19 vaccinations on recipients.
KW - coronavirus disease 2019
KW - COVID-19 vaccines
KW - EEG
KW - electroencephalogram
KW - systematic review
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85173946788&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/rmv.2484
DO - 10.1002/rmv.2484
M3 - Review article
C2 - 37807809
AN - SCOPUS:85173946788
SN - 1052-9276
JO - Reviews in Medical Virology
JF - Reviews in Medical Virology
ER -