TY - JOUR
T1 - Global, regional, and national burden of cancers attributable to tobacco smoking in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019
AU - Safiri, Saeid
AU - Nejadghaderi, Seyed Aria
AU - Abdollahi, Morteza
AU - Carson-Chahhoud, Kristin
AU - Kaufman, Jay S.
AU - Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi
AU - Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar
AU - Mansournia, Mohammad Ali
AU - Sullman, Mark J.M.
AU - Almasi-Hashiani, Amir
AU - Taghizadieh, Ali
AU - Collins, Gary S.
AU - Kolahi, Ali Asghar
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation staff and its collaborators who prepared these publicly available data. The authors would also like to acknowledge the support of the Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Funding Information:
The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, who were not involved in any way in the preparation of this manuscript, funded the GBD study. The Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Grant No. 24293) also supported the present report. Funding information
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
PY - 2022/7
Y1 - 2022/7
N2 - Background: Cancers are leading causes of mortality and morbidity, with smoking being recognized as a significant risk factor for many types of cancer. We aimed to report the cancer burden attributable to tobacco smoking by sex, age, socio-demographic index (SDI), and cancer type in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Methods: The burden of cancers attributable to smoking was reported between 1990 and 2019, based upon the Comparative Risk Assessment approach used in the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2019. Results: Globally, in 2019 there were an estimated 2.5 million cancer-related deaths (95% UI: 2.3 to 2.7) and 56.4 million DALYs (51.3 to 61.7) attributable to smoking. The global age-standardized death and DALY rates of cancers attributable to smoking per 100,000 decreased by 23.0% (−29.5 to −15.8) and 28.6% (−35.1 to −21.5), respectively, over the period 1990–2019. Central Europe (50.4 [44.4 to 57.6]) and Western Sub-Saharan Africa (6.7 [5.7 to 8.0]) had the highest and lowest age-standardized death rates, respectively, for cancers attributable to smoking. In 2019, the age-standardized DALY rate of cancers attributable to smoking was highest in Greenland (2224.0 [1804.5 to 2678.8]) and lowest in Ethiopia (72.2 [51.2 to 98.0]). Also in 2019, the global number of DALYs was highest in the 65–69 age group and there was a positive association between SDI and the age-standardized DALY rate. Conclusions: The results of this study clearly illustrate that renewed efforts are required to increase utilization of evidence-based smoking cessation support in order to reduce the burden of smoking-related diseases.
AB - Background: Cancers are leading causes of mortality and morbidity, with smoking being recognized as a significant risk factor for many types of cancer. We aimed to report the cancer burden attributable to tobacco smoking by sex, age, socio-demographic index (SDI), and cancer type in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Methods: The burden of cancers attributable to smoking was reported between 1990 and 2019, based upon the Comparative Risk Assessment approach used in the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2019. Results: Globally, in 2019 there were an estimated 2.5 million cancer-related deaths (95% UI: 2.3 to 2.7) and 56.4 million DALYs (51.3 to 61.7) attributable to smoking. The global age-standardized death and DALY rates of cancers attributable to smoking per 100,000 decreased by 23.0% (−29.5 to −15.8) and 28.6% (−35.1 to −21.5), respectively, over the period 1990–2019. Central Europe (50.4 [44.4 to 57.6]) and Western Sub-Saharan Africa (6.7 [5.7 to 8.0]) had the highest and lowest age-standardized death rates, respectively, for cancers attributable to smoking. In 2019, the age-standardized DALY rate of cancers attributable to smoking was highest in Greenland (2224.0 [1804.5 to 2678.8]) and lowest in Ethiopia (72.2 [51.2 to 98.0]). Also in 2019, the global number of DALYs was highest in the 65–69 age group and there was a positive association between SDI and the age-standardized DALY rate. Conclusions: The results of this study clearly illustrate that renewed efforts are required to increase utilization of evidence-based smoking cessation support in order to reduce the burden of smoking-related diseases.
KW - cancer
KW - death
KW - disability-adjusted life year
KW - global burden of disease
KW - smoking
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85130721317&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/cam4.4647
DO - 10.1002/cam4.4647
M3 - Article
C2 - 35621231
AN - SCOPUS:85130721317
SN - 2045-7634
VL - 11
SP - 2662
EP - 2678
JO - Cancer Medicine
JF - Cancer Medicine
IS - 13
ER -