Machine-learning methods for computational science and engineering

Michael Frank, Dimitris Drikakis, Vassilis Charissis

    Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

    Abstract

    The re-kindled fascination in machine learning (ML), observed over the last few decades, has also percolated into natural sciences and engineering. ML algorithms are now used in scientific computing, as well as in data-mining and processing. In this paper, we provide a review of the state-of-the-art in ML for computational science and engineering. We discuss ways of using ML to speed up or improve the quality of simulation techniques such as computational fluid dynamics, molecular dynamics, and structural analysis. We explore the ability of ML to produce computationally efficient surrogate models of physical applications that circumvent the need for the more expensive simulation techniques entirely. We also discuss how ML can be used to process large amounts of data, using as examples many different scientific fields, such as engineering, medicine, astronomy and computing. Finally, we review how ML has been used to create more realistic and responsive virtual reality applications.

    Original languageEnglish
    Article number15
    JournalComputation
    Volume8
    Issue number1
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 1 Mar 2020

    Keywords

    • Artificial intelligence
    • Data-mining
    • Gaussian processes
    • Machine learning (ML)
    • Neural networks
    • Scientific computing
    • Virtual reality

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