TY - JOUR
T1 - Mediterranean diet and particulate matter exposure are associated with LINE-1 methylation
T2 - Results from a cross-sectional study in women
AU - Barchitta, Martina
AU - Maugeri, Andrea
AU - Quattrocchi, Annalisa
AU - Barone, Germana
AU - Mazzoleni, Paolo
AU - Catalfo, Alfio
AU - De Guidi, Guido
AU - Iemmolo, Maria Giovanna
AU - Crimi, Nunzio
AU - Agodi, Antonella
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was approved and funded by the University of Catania (Finanziamento della Ricerca, FIR 2014). MB, AM, and AA are also funded by the Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "GF Ingrassia", University of Catania (Piano triennale di sviluppo delle attivita di ricerca scientifica del dipartimento - 2016-2018).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Barchitta, Maugeri, Quattrocchi, Barone, Mazzoleni, Catalfo, De Guidi, Iemmolo, Crimi and Agodi.
PY - 2018/10/30
Y1 - 2018/10/30
N2 - Emerging evidence suggests that air pollution increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and metabolic disorders, adding to the global burden of disease attributable to lifestyle and behavioral factors. Although long interspersed nucleotide elements 1 (LINE-1) methylation has been associated with these disorders, no studies have simultaneously examined the effects of diet and air pollution exposure on DNA methylation. Herein, we evaluated the association of particulate matter (PM with aerodynamic diameters of less than 10 mm) exposure and adherence to Mediterranean Diet (MD) with LINE-1 methylation. Healthy women (n = 299), aged 15 to 80 years, were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Dietary data and adherence to MD were assessed by a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS). PM10 levels during 1-month before recruitment were recorded by monitoring stations and assigned to each woman based on their residential address and day of recruitment. LINE-1 methylation in blood samples was assessed by pyrosequencing and reported as percentage of 5-methylcytosine (5mC). The Mann–Whitney U test, Spearman’s rank correlation test and linear regression models were applied. Our results demonstrated, for the first time, an inverse association between adherence to MD and exposure to PM10 with LINE-1 methylation: While higher monthly PM10 exposure decreases LINE-1 methylation level (β =-0.121; p = 0.037), the adherence to MD increases it (b = 0.691; p < 0.001). MDS seemed to interact with PM10 levels (p = 0.002) on LINE-1 methylation, as such we confirmed that the effect of MD decreased with increasing PM10 levels (β = 0.657; p < 0.001 in the first tertile; β = 0.573; p < 0.001 in the second tertile; β = 0.551; p < 0.001 in the third tertile). Thus, we suggest that LINE-1 methylation is a possible mechanism underpinning environment-related health effects, and encourage further research to evaluate whether the adherence to the MD could counteract the negative effect of PM10 exposure.
AB - Emerging evidence suggests that air pollution increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and metabolic disorders, adding to the global burden of disease attributable to lifestyle and behavioral factors. Although long interspersed nucleotide elements 1 (LINE-1) methylation has been associated with these disorders, no studies have simultaneously examined the effects of diet and air pollution exposure on DNA methylation. Herein, we evaluated the association of particulate matter (PM with aerodynamic diameters of less than 10 mm) exposure and adherence to Mediterranean Diet (MD) with LINE-1 methylation. Healthy women (n = 299), aged 15 to 80 years, were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Dietary data and adherence to MD were assessed by a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS). PM10 levels during 1-month before recruitment were recorded by monitoring stations and assigned to each woman based on their residential address and day of recruitment. LINE-1 methylation in blood samples was assessed by pyrosequencing and reported as percentage of 5-methylcytosine (5mC). The Mann–Whitney U test, Spearman’s rank correlation test and linear regression models were applied. Our results demonstrated, for the first time, an inverse association between adherence to MD and exposure to PM10 with LINE-1 methylation: While higher monthly PM10 exposure decreases LINE-1 methylation level (β =-0.121; p = 0.037), the adherence to MD increases it (b = 0.691; p < 0.001). MDS seemed to interact with PM10 levels (p = 0.002) on LINE-1 methylation, as such we confirmed that the effect of MD decreased with increasing PM10 levels (β = 0.657; p < 0.001 in the first tertile; β = 0.573; p < 0.001 in the second tertile; β = 0.551; p < 0.001 in the third tertile). Thus, we suggest that LINE-1 methylation is a possible mechanism underpinning environment-related health effects, and encourage further research to evaluate whether the adherence to the MD could counteract the negative effect of PM10 exposure.
KW - Air pollution
KW - Cancer
KW - Cardiovascular disease
KW - Dietary habits
KW - Epigenetics
KW - Gene–diet interaction
KW - Hypomethylation
KW - Metabolic disorders
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85065194407&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fgene.2018.00514
DO - 10.3389/fgene.2018.00514
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85065194407
SN - 1664-8021
VL - 9
JO - Frontiers in Genetics
JF - Frontiers in Genetics
M1 - 514
ER -