TY - JOUR
T1 - Mindful Eating, BMI, Sleep, and Vitamin D
T2 - A Cross-Sectional Study of Cypriot and Greek Adults
AU - Andreou, Eleni
AU - Mouski, Christiana
AU - Georgaki, Evridiki
AU - Andreou, Nayia
AU - Christoforou, Christoforos
AU - Abboud, Myriam
AU - Korfiati, Persa
AU - Kaxiri, Fani
AU - Papaioannou, Marilena
AU - Philippou, Christiana
AU - Papandreou, Dimitrios
AU - Papaneophytou, Christos
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 by the authors.
PY - 2024/12
Y1 - 2024/12
N2 - Background: Obesity and related health challenges remain significant concerns in Cyprus and Greece. Mindful eating (ME) has emerged as a behavioral approach to address these issues, yet its relationship with BMI, vitamin D levels, and sleep duration in Mediterranean populations is underexplored. Objectives: This study aimed to examine associations between ME subcategories (Awareness, Distraction, Disinhibition, Emotional, and External Cues), BMI, vitamin D levels, and sleep duration among Cypriot and Greek adults across two cohorts. Methods: A cross-sectional design was employed with data collected in 2022 (N1 = 438) and 2023 (N2 = 174). Participants completed the validated Cyprus Mindful Eating Questionnaire (CyMEQ). Vitamin D levels, sleep duration, and BMI were self-reported. Statistical analyses included Mann–Whitney U Tests for ME subcategory comparisons, chi-square tests for categorical variables, and Spearman correlations to examine associations. Results: Significant differences were found between cohorts in ME subcategories, with N1 scoring higher in Awareness [Median (IQR): 2.60 (2.20–3.00) vs. 2.00 (1.80–2.30), p = 0.02], Disinhibition [2.70 (2.50–3.00) vs. 2.50 (2.20–2.70), p = 0.03], and External Cues [2.50 (2.10–2.90) vs. 2.10 (1.80–2.50), p = 0.01]. ME scores were negatively correlated with BMI (r = −0.25, p = 0.01) and positively associated with vitamin D levels and sleep duration. Differences in vitamin D supplementation practices were observed across groups; however, these differences did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.07). Conclusions: ME behaviors, particularly Awareness and Disinhibition, are associated with BMI, highlighting their potential in obesity management. The interplay between ME, vitamin D, and sleep underscores the need for integrative health interventions in Mediterranean populations.
AB - Background: Obesity and related health challenges remain significant concerns in Cyprus and Greece. Mindful eating (ME) has emerged as a behavioral approach to address these issues, yet its relationship with BMI, vitamin D levels, and sleep duration in Mediterranean populations is underexplored. Objectives: This study aimed to examine associations between ME subcategories (Awareness, Distraction, Disinhibition, Emotional, and External Cues), BMI, vitamin D levels, and sleep duration among Cypriot and Greek adults across two cohorts. Methods: A cross-sectional design was employed with data collected in 2022 (N1 = 438) and 2023 (N2 = 174). Participants completed the validated Cyprus Mindful Eating Questionnaire (CyMEQ). Vitamin D levels, sleep duration, and BMI were self-reported. Statistical analyses included Mann–Whitney U Tests for ME subcategory comparisons, chi-square tests for categorical variables, and Spearman correlations to examine associations. Results: Significant differences were found between cohorts in ME subcategories, with N1 scoring higher in Awareness [Median (IQR): 2.60 (2.20–3.00) vs. 2.00 (1.80–2.30), p = 0.02], Disinhibition [2.70 (2.50–3.00) vs. 2.50 (2.20–2.70), p = 0.03], and External Cues [2.50 (2.10–2.90) vs. 2.10 (1.80–2.50), p = 0.01]. ME scores were negatively correlated with BMI (r = −0.25, p = 0.01) and positively associated with vitamin D levels and sleep duration. Differences in vitamin D supplementation practices were observed across groups; however, these differences did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.07). Conclusions: ME behaviors, particularly Awareness and Disinhibition, are associated with BMI, highlighting their potential in obesity management. The interplay between ME, vitamin D, and sleep underscores the need for integrative health interventions in Mediterranean populations.
KW - BMI
KW - mindful eating
KW - mindfulness
KW - obesity
KW - overweight
KW - sleep duration
KW - vitamin D
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85213477883&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/nu16244308
DO - 10.3390/nu16244308
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85213477883
SN - 2072-6643
VL - 16
JO - Nutrients
JF - Nutrients
IS - 24
M1 - 4308
ER -