Psychometric properties of the greek exercise imagery Questionnaire-Aerobic Version

Katerina Daskalaki, Manos Stefanakis, Stelios Hadjisavvas, Michalis Efstathiou, Paraskevi Malliou

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Background: The Exercise Imagery Questionnaire-Aerobic Version (EIQ-AV) is a widely used tool for assessing exercise imagery (EI) and has considerably influenced EI research. Although it has been translated into Greek, its psychometric properties remain unevaluated, limiting its applicability for studying EI in the Greek population. This study aimed to evaluate the construct validity (encompassing factorial, convergent, and known-groups validity), criterion validity (specifically concurrent validity), and reliability of the Greek EIQ-AV. Materials and Methods: A total of 221 exercisers completed the Greek EIQ-AV, the Godin–Shephard Leisure–Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ), and a questionnaire on demographic and exercise-related characteristics. Data from 108 participants were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA), 113 were used for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and the full sample was used to assess known-groups and concurrent validity. Results: After testing various models based on prior theory and PCA results, we concluded to the final Greek EIQ-AV. Similar to the English version, it comprises three factors: “energy”, “appearance”, and “technique”, differing only by the removal of one item. Factorial validity was confirmed using CFA, demonstrating an excellent model fit, with most fit indices—such as the Standardized Root Mean Square Residual, Comparative Fit Index, and Tucker–Lewis Index—showing excellent values. Convergent validity was supported by acceptable results (AVE > 0.5). Known-groups validity was confirmed because younger, more frequent, and more active exercisers reported significantly higher use of all EI types compared to older, less frequent, and less active exercisers. Additionally, all EIQ-AV subscale scores showed positive correlations with strenuous exercise and the total GLTEQ score and negative associations with age, supporting concurrent validity. Furthermore, the Greek EIQ-AV demonstrated adequate internal consistency and composite reliability. Conclusions: The Greek EIQ-AV demonstrates strong psychometric properties and is expected to advance knowledge in EI research.

Original languageEnglish
Article number311
Pages (from-to)2126-2138
Number of pages13
JournalJournal of Physical Education and Sport
Volume24
Issue number12
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Dec 2024

Keywords

  • appearance imagery Introduction
  • mental imagery
  • reliability
  • technique
  • Validity

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