Psychotic symptomatology: Clinical features, assessment and differential diagnosis

Successful management of patients with psychosis requires accurate identification of the condition underlying their symptoms. Psychotic symptoms, however, not only overlap with a wide array of medical and neurological conditions but can also be attributable to the use of substances. The clinical approach to the diagnosis of psychotic disorders is a multifaceted procedure involving the consideration of a broad differential diagnosis. This chapter is an overview of current assessment principles for patients who present with symptoms of psychosis. By illustrating different conditions that commonly co-occur with psychosis, or of which psychosis is a defining symptom, it aims to inform diagnostic decisions.