TY - JOUR
T1 - The Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) scale
T2 - Psychometric evaluation survey in a Greek sample with type 2 diabetes
AU - Papathanasiou, A.
AU - Koutsovasilis, A.
AU - Shea, S.
AU - Philalithis, A.
AU - Papavasiliou, S.
AU - Melidonis, A.
AU - Lionis, C.
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - The aim of this study was to translate the Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) scale into Greek, adapt it culturally to Greece and determine its psychometric properties. The translation process included two forward translations, reconciliation, backward translation and pre-testing steps. The validation incorporated the exploration of internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha), test-retest reliability (interclass correlation coefficient), construct validity (exploratory factor analysis) and responsiveness (Spearman correlation coefficient). Participants included 101 consecutive patients from a rural primary healthcare centre and 101 patients from an urban hospital. All patients completed the PAID scale and the Short Form-36 (SF-36) version 2. Internal consistency considered good (Cronbach's alpha=0.948). Interclass correlation coefficient was 0.942 (95% CI 0.915-0.961). Factor analysis yielded three factors: 'Diabetes-related emotional problems' (51.79% variance, Cronbach's alpha=0.910), 'Food-related problems' (9.55% variance, Cronbach's alpha=0.824) and 'Social support-related problems' (5.96% variance, Cronbach's alpha=0.704). Scree plot test and conceptual congruency of items supported a three-factor solution. Total PAID showed a negative correlation with both SF-36 mental component summary (r=-0.733, P<0.0001) and SF-36 physical component summary (r=-0.594, P<0.0001). Our findings indicate that the Greek version of the PAID questionnaire is reliable and valid for patients with diabetes mellitus in Greece.
AB - The aim of this study was to translate the Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) scale into Greek, adapt it culturally to Greece and determine its psychometric properties. The translation process included two forward translations, reconciliation, backward translation and pre-testing steps. The validation incorporated the exploration of internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha), test-retest reliability (interclass correlation coefficient), construct validity (exploratory factor analysis) and responsiveness (Spearman correlation coefficient). Participants included 101 consecutive patients from a rural primary healthcare centre and 101 patients from an urban hospital. All patients completed the PAID scale and the Short Form-36 (SF-36) version 2. Internal consistency considered good (Cronbach's alpha=0.948). Interclass correlation coefficient was 0.942 (95% CI 0.915-0.961). Factor analysis yielded three factors: 'Diabetes-related emotional problems' (51.79% variance, Cronbach's alpha=0.910), 'Food-related problems' (9.55% variance, Cronbach's alpha=0.824) and 'Social support-related problems' (5.96% variance, Cronbach's alpha=0.704). Scree plot test and conceptual congruency of items supported a three-factor solution. Total PAID showed a negative correlation with both SF-36 mental component summary (r=-0.733, P<0.0001) and SF-36 physical component summary (r=-0.594, P<0.0001). Our findings indicate that the Greek version of the PAID questionnaire is reliable and valid for patients with diabetes mellitus in Greece.
KW - Diabetes mellitus
KW - Problem Areas in Diabetes scale
KW - Quality of life
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84897419081&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/j.1365-2850.2012.01875.x
DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2850.2012.01875.x
M3 - Article
C2 - 22340071
AN - SCOPUS:84897419081
SN - 1351-0126
VL - 21
SP - 345
EP - 353
JO - Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing
JF - Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing
IS - 4
ER -